Karyotyping Activity

In this activity, you will use a computer model to look at chromosomes and prepare a karyotype. You will diagnose patients for abnormalities and learn the correct notation for characterizing karyotypes.

Site 1: www.biology.arizona.edu

Click on Karyotyping under human biology and read the Introduction page:
1. What causes a dark band on the chromosome? _____________________________________
2. What is a centromere? _______________________________________________________

Patient Histories: *Click on Patient Histories. You will be completing a karyotype for Patient A, B & C

Patient A ( Click on the link to "Complete Patient A's Karyotype" )

*Match the chromosome to its homolog. After all the matches are complete you'll analyze your patient. (Scroll down to view your completed karyotype).

3. What is patient A's history (summarize) ______________________________________________
4. How many total chromosomes are in your karyotype - count them _________
The last set of chromosomes is the sex chromosomes, if you have two large chromosomes, your patient is XX (female), one large and one small indicates and XY (male) . What sex chromosomes does your patient have ________
Which chromosome set has an extra + _______
5. What diagnosis would you give this patient (what disease)? ______________

Patient B - click on the link to go to Patient B and repeat the above process.

6. What is Patient B's history (summarize) _______________________________________________
7. How many total chromosomes are in your karyotype - count them _________
What sex chromosomes does your patient have ________
Which chromosome set has an extra + _______
8. Finish the notation for this patient's karyotype : 47 X _____
9. What is the diagnosis? __________________________________

Patient C - click on the link to go to Patient C and repeat the above process.

10. What is patient C's history (summarize)? _________________________________________
11. How many total chromosomes are in your karyotype - count them _________
What sex chromosomes does your patient have ________
Which chromosome set has an extra + _______
12. Write out the correct notation for this karyotype. ________
13. What is the diagnosis? _________________________________________

Site 2: Genetic Science Learning Center ( http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/ )

Go to "heredity and traits" --> "How Do Scientists Read Chromosomes"
(Find the answers to the following questions in this area. Browse all sections)

1. What are the three key features used to read chromosomes?
____________________________
_____________________________
_____________________________

2. Sketch or describe: metacentric, submetacentric, acrocentric

 

3. Got to Make a Karyotype - Try it yourself - Create your own karyotype - turning on hints is okay.
Check this box when your karyotype is complete
What did you find difficult about matching the chromosomes? _____________________________

4. Go to -Using Karyotypes to Predict Genetic Disorders
What is trisomy? ______________________________________
What is monosomy? ____________________________________
What is a terminal deletion? ____________________________________________

5. For each of the Disorders, describe the chromosome abnormality and the symptoms. (Type each into the search box at learn.genetics)

Cri Du Chat

Turner Syndrome

Klinefelter Syndrome

Williams Syndrome

 

Extra Credit - http://bluehawk.monmouth.edu/~bio/karyotypes.htm

Pick from the list of abnormal karyotypes and arrange the chromosomes in a karyotype. Use the "print screen" button to copy your finished karyotype onto a word processing document. For "Diagnosis" write the chromosome set that has the abnormality, and what type of abnormality it is. Print this page out and turn it in

.