Tissues Chapter 5

Tissue - a group or mass of similar cells working together to perform _____________________________

There are 4 major types of tissue : 1.Epithelial 2.Connective 3. Muscle 4. Nervous

1. Epithelial Tissue

General Characteristics:
- Found throughout the body, covers all body surfaces both inside and out.
- Main ____________________________________ tissue.
- Attached to underlying connective tissue at the _____________________________
- Usually has no vascular tissue - blood supply
- Cells reproduce rapidly results in: _______________________________

Functions: Protection, secretion, absorption, excretion, sensory perception

categorized based on the ______________________ of the cells and the ___________________ of cells.

A. SIMPLE SQUAMOUS -

Form: flat and thin, single layer
Function: _____________________________
Found in: air sacs of lungs, walls of capillaries

B. SIMPLE CUBOIDAL - single layer, cube-shaped cells.

Function: Secretion and _______________________________
Found: Lining of kidney tubules, ducts of glands, covering surface of ovaries

C. SIMPLE COLUMNAR - single layer, long cells with their
Function: Secretion and absorption
Found in the lining of _____________________________ and uterus
- contains scattered ___________________________ to secrete mucus
- and ___________________________ increase surface area

Label image:

D. STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS - muli-layered, squamous cells
Functions in protection. Found lining body cavities like the __________________________

Where have we seen these cells?

Why are tattoos permanent?

According to the Fitpatrick scale, how many skin types are there? _____ What type are you?

HHMI: How We Get Out Skin Color (Interactive, 4 min)

1. What are the three main layers of skin?
2. What are the two main cells found in the epidermis?
3. What is melanin?
4. How does melanin protect cells?
5. How does sunlight cause tanning? (And why?)

 

E. PSEUDOSTRATIFIED COLUMNAR - appear "stratified" but really a single layer with nuclei at various levels giving the appearance of layers.
-Can have _______________________________ (tiny, hair-like projections)
-And goblet cells, which secrete _____________________________

- Function: secretion and _______________________________
- Location: lining air passages like the trachea and tubes of the reproductive system

*What happens if the cilia of cells do not work properly?

F. TRANSITIONAL EPITHELIUM - thick, layered cuboidal cells. "Stretchable" tissue, also forms barrier to block diffusion. Found: lining of _______________________________________

G. Glandular Epithelium

Cells specialized to ______________________; make up the body's ___________________

2. Connective Tissue

General Characteristics:

-Most abundant tissue in your body, found throughout
-Binds structures together
-Provides support, protection, framework, fills space, stores fat, produces blood cells, fights infection
-Composed of more scattered _________________ with intercellular _____________
-Made up of a ground substance (fluid, semi-solid) and fibers
-Most has a good ________________________
-Cells can reproduce

Three common types of cells:

1.
2.
3.

Main types of fibers:

-collagenous fibers Strong, flexible; Found: ____________________
- elastic fibers Found ______________________________

 

CATEGORIES OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE

A. LOOSE C.T. or AREOLAR TISSUE - binds skin to underlying organs and organs to organs, forms delicate, thin ____________________ throughout the body

B. ADIPOSE TISSUE - aka FAT ' Function: Protective cushion, insulation to preserve body heat, stores ______________________________, cells are called adipocytes

C. FIBROUS C.T. - dense tissue, closely packed, thick collagenous fibers and fine network of elastic fibers. Few cells, poor blood supply, thus slow healing.

Tendons -
Ligaments -

D. CARTILAGE (all cartilage cells are called ______________________)

HYALINE CARTILAGE -

ELASTIC CARTILAGE -

FIBROCARTILAGE -

E. BONE TISSUE - _____________________________ tissue. Rigid due to mineral salts.

F. BLOOD TISSUE - circulates throughout the body

3. Muscle Tissue

A. Skeletal -
B. Smooth -
C. Cardiac -

4. Nerve Tissue - Found in brain, spinal cord, nerves

A. Neurons - transmit signals
B. Neuroglia - protection, support