Chap 17-4 Reading: Patterns of Evolution

1. What is macroevolution? ____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
2. What percent of species that have ever lived are now extinct? _____
3. Why did the dinosaurs become extinct (leading hypothesis) ____________________________________________________________
4. The disappearance of so many species left ______________________ open and provided ecological opportunities for those organisms that _____________________________________________
5. The extinction of dinosaurs cleared the way for the evolution of modern _____________________ and _____________________________
6. What evolutionary concept explains how a dozen finches evolved from a single species? ________________________________________

7. What kind of mammals existed at the same time dinosaurs "ruled the earth"? ___________________
8. Adaptive radiation can produce _____________________ organisms that look similar to one another.
This process is called __________________________ evolution.
9. Structures that look and function similarly but are made of parts that do not share a common evolutionary history are called ______________________________ structures.
10. What two animals (given in the book as examples) look amazingly similar but are not closely related?
_______________________________________________
11. The process by which two species evolve in response to changes in each other is called
___________________________________
12. What type of insect could reach the nectar of the orchid with the long spur? _______________
13. Why did plants develop poisonous compounds? ____________________________________
14. Gradualism is the idea that evolution occurred [ slowly | quickly ] over a long period.

15. Name a species that has changed very little since they first appeared in the fossil record:
_____________________________________
16. What can cause rapid evolution? _________________________________________________
17. Some groups evolve rapidly following mass ________________________________________
18. What is punctuated equilibrium? ___________________________________________________
19. Master control genes, or _________ genes guide the development of major body _______________
20. If you turn on the "wingless" gene, what happens to the insect? _________________________

Analyzing Data (p 438)

1. What happened to the number of families at the end of the Paleozoic Era? [ increased / decreased ]
2. What might have caused this change? ________________________________________
3. What happened to the number of species during the Mesozoic and Cenozoic eras? [ increased / decreased ]
4. What evolutionary concept would explain this change?
a. convergent evolution b. coevolution c. adaptive radiation d. natural selection