Mendel's Experiments and Probability
1. Gregor Mendel, the "Father of Genetics"
Blending vs. Particulate Inheritance
Pea Plants (traits)
2. Mendel's Experiments
True-breeding / Hybrids
Cross Pollination / Self Pollination
Monohybrid Cross
Dominant / Recessive
Heterozygous / Homozygous
F1 vs F2
Genotype / Phenotype
3. The Test Cross
Cross a recessive to an unknown
The offspring proportion tells you what the unknown was
If unknown was Rr, then half the offspring will be round
If unknown was RR, then all of the offspring will be round
4. The Dihybrid Cross
RrYy x RrYy (show gametes)
The parental genotypes are YyRr (seed color yellow, round) and YyRr (seed color yellow, round).
YR Yr yR yr YR YYRR YYRr YyRR YyRr Yr YYRr YYrr YyRr Yyrr yR YyRR YyRr yyRR yyRr yr YyRr Yyrr yyRr yyrr From this Punnett square, you can determine the possible genotypic and phenotypic ratios of the offspring
9:3:3:1 Ratio
5. Mathematical Solutions are faster
Sample Problem: RrPp x rrpp
6. Big Ideas
Law of Independent Assortment
Law of Segregation
Law of Dominance and Recessiveness
Probability
Chromosome Theory of Inheritance
