Biology 1 & 1A                                                                                    FINAL EXAM REVIEW GUIDE

 

Overview

·         5 Sections, 130 multiple choice questions

·         Worth 15% of your overall grade

·         Comprehensive; covers all topics learned in Bio 1 (1A)

 

Section A:  Scientific Processes & Introduction to Biology  (Ch 1)

       Topics:   Microscope Use |  Scientific Method |  Metric System

 

1.   List the steps of the scientific method:   _______________________________________________
                                                                      _______________________________________________
                                                                     ________________________________________________
                                                                      _______________________________________________

 

2.  Understand how a controlled experiment is conducted.

 

a.   What is the manipulated variable in the experiment?
                        _____________________

b.  What is the responding variable?
______________________________

c.  Which is the control group? _________

3.  Microscope Use:

 

a.   When first focusing the microscope, which objective do you use?  _____________  Which focus knob? __________
b.   When using the high power objective, which focus knob do you use? ________________
c.   What are the three objectives found on the microscopes you used in class?  ________________
d.   What part of the microscope can be used to adjust the amount of light?  _______________________

 

4.  Metric  System

 

a.   What metric system unit would be used to measure volume (such as a can of coke) ?   _________
b.   What metric system unit would be used to measure the length of a room?  ___________

 

5.  Terms/Concepts

 

a.   Biology  ________________________________________________________________________
b.   Science ________________________________________________________________________
c.  Hypothesis  ________________________________________________________________________
d.  Controlled Experiment  _________________________________________________________________
e.  Cell  ________________________________________________________________________
f.   Organism  ________________________________________________________________________
g.  Louis Pasteur ________________________________________________________________________
h.  Spontaneous Generation ________________________________________________________________
i.  Homeostasis ________________________________________________________________________
j.  Reproduction ________________________________________________________________________
k.  Evolution ________________________________________________________________________
l.  Observations ________________________________________________________________________
m. Theory  ________________________________________________________________________

 

Section B:  Cells & Cell Processes  (Ch 7)
                  Topics:  Cell Structure | Organelles |  Types of Cells |  Cell Transport |  Cell Division

 

1.   What structure distinguishes a eukaryote from a prokaryote? ________________________________
2.   What shape is a plant cell?  ____________________   An animal cell?  __________________________
3.  What part of the cell is describe as selectively permeable? ____________________________________
4.  If you place a few drops of food coloring in a glass full of water, eventually all the water is colored.  This is due to the process of _______________________________________
5.  For each of the structures listed, indicate whether it is found in PLANTS (P),  ANIMALS (A), or BOTH (B)

     _____  Chloroplasts     ______ Cell Membrane     ______ Nucleus     ______ Cell Wall     ______  Mitochondria

 6.  In each of the situations pictured, indicate whether the cell will gain water, lose water, or stay the same.  In each case, the cell in the beaker is 10% salt.

 

7.  Know the function of each of the cell organelles listed:

      a.  Endoplasmic Reticulum  ________________________________________________________
      b.  Cell Membrane ________________________________________________________
      c.  Ribosome  ________________________________________________________
      d.  Lysosome ________________________________________________________
      e.   Nucleus  ________________________________________________________

 

8.  Identify the processes pictured    (Mitosis, Osmosis, Endocytosis)

 

 

 

10.  Label the Cell 

 

 

Section C:  Evolution & Taxonomy

                   Topics:   Classification |  Theory of Evolution  |  The Six Kingdoms 

 

1.    Define evolution:  ___________________________________________________
2.    For each statement below, place a check next to those that provide EVIDENCE that evolution has occurred:

            ___  Animals have structures they do not use (vestigial)
            ___  The same types of animals live in different parts of the world
            ___  The fossil record shows transitional species
            ___  Vertebrates have the same (or similar) internal structures, such as the bones of the forearm
            ___  Every organism has unique structures unlike any other organism

3.  [ Natural / Artificial ] Selection is responsible for the many different breeds of dogs.
4.  What is an adaptation?  __________________________________________________________________
5.  Describe how evolution would have acted on giraffes according to natural selection.

 

 

 

 

 

   

6.  Who proposed the Theory of Evolution by Natural Selection? _______________________________________

7.  The word “human” is a common name.  What is the scientific name for humans? __________________________
8.  Know the taxonomic categories  used to describe how organisms are classified.
                Kingdom,  ___________________,  Class,  ____________________, Family,  _______________ Species

9.  What does the scientific name tell you about the organism?   _____________________________________________
10.  Know what types or organisms go into each of the 6 Kingdoms

 

            Animalia  ______________________________                 Plantae  ______________________________
            Fungi   ________________________________                 Protista  ______________________________
            Archaebacteria  _________________________                Eubacteria  ___________________________

 

11.  Know the difference between a(n):
            prokaryote  and   eukaryote                                           heterotroph and autotroph
            __________________________________             _______________________________________

unicellular and multicellular                                             mobile  and sessile

            __________________________________             _________________________________________

12.  How did Darwin’s Theory explain the different shapes and sizes among the beaks of finches on the Galapagos?

            __________________________________________________________________________________________

 

13.    According to the cladogram, which two species are most
         closely related?  ___________________________________

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Section D:  Kingdom Protista & Simple Animals

                Topics:   Protozoans |  Algae |  Parasites |  The Animal Kingdom |  Sponges  |  Cnidarians 

 

1.   LABEL  and  IDENTIFY each of the Protists.

 

 

 

 2.  What is the function of the:

            Chloroplast  ___________________________________________________________________

            Contractile Vacuole  ________________________________________________________________
            Micronucleus  ________________________________________________________________

            Food Vacuole  ________________________________________________________________

            Pseudopodia ________________________________________________________________

            Pellicle  ________________________________________________________________
            Eyespot ________________________________________________________________

 

   

3.  How do each of these protists move?

            Euglena  ________________________________________________________________

            Paramecium ________________________________________________________________
            Ameba ________________________________________________________________

 

4.  Animal-Like Protists are called  _____________________________________________________

5.  To what KINGDOM do the ameba, euglena and paramecium belong?  ____________________________
6.  Check each organism if it is UNICELLULAR

            _____  Paramecium   ______ Hydra   _____   Sponge         _____  Roundworm                ____ Ameba

7.  How does a person get malaria?  ____________________________________________________

8.  Where are most protozoans found?  _______________________________________________________

 

9.  What organisms belong to the PHYLUM  PORIFERA?  _________________________________________

 

10.  Some animals are asymmetrical,  what are the two types of symmetry found in other animals?

                  ____________________________                                  _______________________________

 

     Sketch:

 

 

 

 

 

11.  On the animal below, label the dorsal, ventral, posterior and anterior sides.

 

                                         

 

12.  Unlike other animals, sponges do NOT have  (check all that apply)

            ______  symmetry      ______   cells              ______  tissues             _______ the ability to reproduce

13.  Can sponges reproduce asexually?  __________     Sexually?  _________

15.  What is a hermaphrodite?  _______________________________________________________________
16.   What does “sessile” mean?  ____________________________________________________________
         Name an organism that is sessile:  ______________________________________________________

17.  To be classified into the animal kingdom, organisms must be (check all that apply)
            _____   Multicellular                _____  Heterotrophic          _____ Hermaphroditic      ____  Mobile

18.   Cnidarians use their tentacles for: ______________________________________________________

 
19.  Which of the following forms is the medusa?  Which is the polyp?

 

 

Section D:   Invertebrates
                   Topics Covered:  Roundworms | Flatworms |  Mollusks |  Annelids  |  Arthropods

 

1.  What is regeneration?  __________________________________________________________
2.  Roundworms belong to the Kingdom  ______________________   and the Phylum ___________________

3.  How might a person contract a tapeworm? ___________________________________________________
4.  Where does a parasitic tapeworm live in the body?   [  blood  /   intestine  /  brain ]

5.  What is the intermediate host of the schistosoma worm?  _______________________________________
     How would a person contract schistosomiasis?  _______________________________________________
6.  Flatworms, such as the planarian, belong to the Kingdom ______________________________________
     and the Phylum  _____________________________________

7.   What Phylum includes all the segmented worms, like a leech or earthworm?  ______________________

8.   What group of animals is characterized by an exoskeleton?  ____________________________________

9.   What are mandibles?  ___________________________________________________________________

10.  What animal has suckers, a beak, and a fin (most of you dissected it in class)  ______________________

11.  The digestive tract of an earthworm includes the following structures.  Place them in the correct order.

      ___  Pharynx     ___   Gizzard       ____ Intestine            ____     Mouth         ____ Crop           ____ Anus

12.  In most animals, the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach is the ________________________

13.  Which of those structures grinds the food?  _______________________________________
        Which stores food?  _________________________________
        Which is a muscle to help suck food (soil) in?  _____________________________________

14.    The arrow on the drawing points to the ________________________________

            What is the function of the structure?  ___________________________________

15.  What are the three parts of the insect body plan?

         __________________________________________________________________

16.   How many legs does an insect have?  _____  How many legs does a spider have?  ________

17.   What is the function of the “foot” of the mollusk?  ____________________________________

18.  Do insects have antennae?  ________   Do spiders?  _____________ Do crustaceans?  ____________

19.  What was the stiff shell-like structure you removed from the squid during the dissection?  ____________

20.  For each of the pairs, circle the set that is most closely related

            a.   spiders & scorpions                                    b.   spiders  &  crabs

            a.   sea anemone & sponge                            b.   jellyfish & hydra

            a.   earthworm & leech                                   b.  flatworm  & roundworm

            a.   crab & lobster                                            b.  lobster & millipede

            a.   squid & jellyfish                                         b.  squid & snail

 

21.  Identify the following organisms 
              ( Mollusk,  Tapeworm,  Annelid,  Flatworm,  Cnidarian (Hydra),  Crustacean)

 

 

22.   On the Crayfish, identify the

            Antenna

            Cheliped

            Cephalothorax

            Abdomen

            Walking Legs

            Swimmerets

 

 

23.  Of all the phyla, which contains the largest number of species?  ______________________________

24.  The tentacles of a cephalopod are used for what purpose?  _____________________________________

25.   On the picture of the squid, identify the:

           

Eyes

            Tentacle

            Arm

            Fin

            Mouth

 

26.  Check the box if it applies to the organism

	Crustacean	Spider	Insect
Chelicerae
Member of the Phylum Arthropoda
Has 3 Body segments  (head, thorax, abdomen)
Has 2 Body segments (cephalothorax, abdomen)

 

27.  What is metamorphosis?  _____________________________________________________________________