ACTIVE TRANSPORT

Active Transport - When cells must move materials in an opposite direction - against a concentration gradient. It requires Energy.

Proteins or Pumps are found in the cell membrane transport molecules across the membrane.

Molecular Transport - Proteins are used to move small molecules such as calcium, potassium, and sodium ions across the membrane

Endocytosis - cell takes in large particles by engulfing them

Phagocytosis - "cell eating" - extensions off cytoplasm surround a particle and package it within a food vacuole and then the cell engulfs it. Ex. Amoebas use this process.

Pinocytosis - the process of taking up liquid from the surrounding environment. Tiny pockets form along the membrane, fill with liquid, and pinch off.

Exocytosis - cell gets rid of particles, opposite of endocytosis