--nuclear envelope, has pores for transport of RNA (2)
-- chromatin, DNA (A)
--nucleolus ,makes ribosomes (1)
Rough ER (has ribosomes) | Smooth ER
Cis Face | Trans Face | Cisternae (folds)
Vesicles - packages of proteins
Each ribosome has a large and small subunit
Messenger RNA is threaded through the ribosomes
Transfer RNA builds a protein based on the code of the mRNA
--"suicide sac" - apoptosis
--digest other particles taken in by phagocytosis
TAY-SACHS disease – missing an enzyme of the lysosomes that breaks down a fatty substance. Over time this fat builds up in the brain and nervous tissue, smothering the cells. Results in cell death, and eventually shutting down of the nervous system and death, often in early childhood.
-- Peroxisomes – result in hydrogen peroxide, broken down by catalase
-- Vacuole -- mainly storage or specific functions (contractile vacuole)
-- Plant cells have a CENTRAL VACUOLE - used for storage and help to maintain hydrostatic pressure
Inner Membrane | Outer Membrane | Cristae | Matrix
Mitochondrial disorders result in cells being starved of energy.
What do the mitochondria and chloroplasts have in common?
Microfilaments (actin filaments) - cell support, shape, structure
Microtubules - form the spindle during cell division
Centrioles – used during cell division to move and separate chromosomes, only found in animal cell
Pseudopod - extensions of the cytoplasm
Cilia & Flagella -both function for movement, or for sweeping particles